MENU

Agriculture and Land Use

Agriculture and Land Use includes 39 items related to the respondents' agricultural activities, including farming of both animals (animal husbandry) and plants (agronomy, horticulture).
Navigational aspects (i.e. skip-out patterns and next question sequences) have not been included on this page but can be viewed on the original questionnaire which can be found here.

Categories

Geographies Tested:

Populations Included: Female, Male

Age Range:

Items:

1. In the past 12 months, did YOU personally operate any land (including orchards and kitchen gardens) for agricultural purposes or raise or tend any livestock (e.g., fish, shrimp, cattle, goats, chickens, etc.)?

Response Options:
Yes- 1
No- 2

2. Was farming MAINLY performed…?

Response Options:
For own useconsumption of the household- 1
For sale profit- 2
Wage work- 3

3. In the past 12 months, did you individually make any incomemonetary gains from agricultural activities related to farming, raising animals?

Response Options:
Yes- 1
No- 2

4. What is the approximate share of your individual income that came from Agriculture? (include income from selling, trading and handling these materials)

Indicate percentage [ ]

5. In the past three years, have you experienced any of the following soil degradation threats on the land you operate?

Response Options:
Soil erosion (loss of topsoil through wind or water erosion)- 1
Reduction of soil fertility- 2
Waterlogging, including by floods- 3
Salinization- 4
Pollution or chemical spill- 5
Other- 6
None of the above- 7

6. What would you say is the proportion of land area affected by those soil degradation threats?

Indicate percentage [ ]

7. Did this land use water to irrigate crops during the past 3 years?

Response Options:
Yes- 1
No, I don't need irrigation- 2
No, I can't afford irrigation- 3
No, there is no water available- 4

8. What would you say is the proportion of the land area that is irrigated?

Indicate percentage [ ]

9.What type of water do you use to irrigate your agricultural land?

Response Options:
Freshwater from a stream, river, lake or well- 1
Piped clean water- 2
Wastewater (domestic or industrial runoff)- 3
Greywater (from bathroom sinks, showers, washing machines)- 4
Other- 5

10. Are you observing any reduction in the availability of water from your preferred irrigation source?

Response Options:
No, water is always available in sufficient quantity when I need it- 1
Yes, water from my preferred source is progressively going downgetting scarcer- 2
Yes, water is increasingly polluted- 3
I don't know- 4

11. Are there organizations dealing with water allocation in the area where this land is located?

Response Options:
Yes, and they are working well- 1
Yes, but they are not working well- 2
No, there are none- 3
I don't know- 4

12. Did this land use any synthetic or mineral fertilizer or animal manureslurry for crops during the last 12 months?

Response Options:
Yes- 1
No- 2
Yes, water is increasingly polluted- 3
I don't know- 4

13. Are you aware of any environmental risks associated with the excessive use or misuse of fertilizer?

Response Options:
Yes- 1
No- 2

14. Have any specific measures been taken during the last 12 months to mitigate the environmental risks associated with the use of synthetic and mineral fertilizers for this agricultural land?

Response Options:
Yes- 1
No- 2

15. During the last 12 months, which specific measures were taken or adopted ?

Response Options:
Follow protocols (as per extension service retail directions local regulations) not exceeding recommended doses- 1
Use organic source of nutrients (e.g. manure or composting residues) alone or in combination with synthetic or mineral fertilizers- 2
Use legumes as a cover crop, or component of a multicrop or pasture system to reduce fertilizer inputs- 3
Distribute synthetic or mineral fertilizer application over the growing period- 4
Consider soil type and climate in deciding fertilizer application doses and frequencies- 5
Use soil sampling at least every 5 years to perform nutrient budget calculations- 6
Perform site-specific nutrient management or precision farming- 7
Use buffer strips along water courses- 8

16. During the last 12 months, were any pesticides used on this land for crop or livestock production?

Response Options:
Yes- 1
No- 2

17. What type of pesticides were used on this land during the last 12 months?

Response Options:
Moderately or slightly hazardous- 1
Highlyextremely hazardous or illegal- 2
I don't know- 98

18. Are you aware of any environmental and health risks associated with the use of pesticides?

Response Options:
Yes- 1
No- 2

19. In the land you use for farming, have any specific measures been taken to protect people from pesticide-related health risks during the past 12 months?

Response Options:
Adherence to label directions for pesticide use (including use of protection equipment)- 1
Maintenance and cleansing of protection equipment after use- 2
Safe disposal of waste (cartoons, bottles and bags)- 3
No, no measures were taken- 4
Do not know- 98

20. Were any of the following measures taken to avoid other environmental-related risks on the land you use for agriculture or livestock raising?

Response Options:
Adjustment of planting time- 1
Application of crop spacing- 2
Application of crop rotation- 3
Application of mixed cropping- 4
Application of inter-cropping- 5
Perform biological pest control- 6
Use of biopesticides- 7
Adopting pasture rotation to suppress livestock pest population- 8
Systematic removal of plant parts attacked by pests- 9
Adherence to label directions for pesticide application- 10
Maintenance and cleansing of spray equipment after use- 11
Use one pesticide no more than two times or in mixture in a season to avoid pesticide resistance- 12
Use of traditional knowledge for sustainable crop management (e.g. trimming leaves, angling roots so salt water drains off, etc.)- 13
Slash and burn- 14
Land fallowing- 15

21. In this land, are there areas covered by natural or diverse vegetation, including any of the following?

Response Options:
Natural pasture or grasslands- 1
Wildflower strips- 2
Stone or wood heaps- 3
Trees or hedgerows- 4
Natural ponds or wetlands- 5
None of the above- 6

22.What would you say is the share of this land area covered by natural areas of vegetation?

Indicate percentage [ ]

23. What is the percentage of the area where you farm on which crop rotation or croppasture rotation involving at least two different cropspastures of two different plant genus is practiced?

Indicate percentage [ ]

24. During the last 12 months, did the land produce crops livestock that are certified organic or undergoing organic certification process?

Response Options:
Yes, only crops- 1
Yes, only livestock- 2
Yes, both crops and livestock- 3
No- 0
Do not know- 98

25. What is the organic certification number?

[please write out]

26. Who typically makes decisions about land-related activities such as the use of pesticides, fertilizers and related environmental-risk management ?

Response Options:
Myself- 1
The land owner- 2
Someone else- 3

27. Did you use medically important antimicrobials as growth promoter for your livestock during the last 12 months?

Response Options:
Yes- 1
No- 2
Do not know- 98
I don't raise livestock- 99

28. Who makes decisions regarding the use of these products? [if several people, select the person that makes decisions most often]

Response Options:
Myself- 1
The livestock owner- 2
Someone else- 3

30. Who in this household typically takes care of the animals you own or raise? (mark one option only -- if task is shared, chose the most relevant answer only)

  • Cattle (cows, bulls, yak)
  • Goats
  • Sheep
  • Pigs
  • Horses
  • Donkeys
  • Chicken
  • Other poultry birds (ducks, geese, etc.)
  • Game livestock (antelope, buffalo, etc.)
  • Fish, shrimp or other pond animals
  • Other

Response Options:
Myself alone- 1
My male partner- 2
My female partner- 3
Me and my partner jointly- 4
My daughter- 5
My son- 6
Other- 7
Don't know- 99

31. Do you utilize genetic engineering, ionizing, radiation or sewage sludge to care for these animals? If answers differ for different animal products, indicate what applies for the majority

32. Do your animal management practices conserve natural resources and biodiversity? If answers differ for different animal products, indicate what applies for the majority

33. Are these animals allowed year-round access to the outdoors (except under specific conditions such as inclement weather)? If answers differ for different animals, indicate what applies for the majority

34. Are these animals provided of shade, spacious shelter (sufficient space for animals to lie down), space for exercise, clean drinking water, sheltered pitsheaps to collect manure, direct sunlight and clean, dry bedding? (mark no if any one condition is not met) If answers differ for different animals, indicate what applies for the majority

35. Are these animals fed a 100% organic diet, except for trace minerals and vitamins used to meet their nutritional requirements? If answers differ for different animals, indicate what applies for the majority

36. Are these animals managed without antibiotics, growth hormones, mammalian or avian byproducts or other feed ingredients such as urea, manure or arsenic compounds? (mark yes only if all conditions are met) If answers differ for different animal products, indicate what applies for the majority

37. Are these animals allowed to freely grazefeed in pastures? If answers differ for different animals, indicate what applies for the majority

Response Options:
Yes- 1
No- 2
Do not know- 98

38. Are these pastures owned by yourself or someone you know, or is this wild land? If answers differ for different animals, indicate what applies for the majority

Response Options:
Myself or someone I know- 1
Wild land [e.g. native forage producing land, native forest, native mangrove, etc.]- 2

39. Do you fence off areas of the pasture and allow rotation of the animals on several pieces of land to prevent overgrazing? If answers differ for different animal products, indicate what applies for the majority

Response Options:
Yes- 1
No- 2
Do not know- 98

Scoring Procedures

Not Available

Original Citation

UN Women (2020). Model questionnaire: Measuring the nexus between gender and environment. https://data.unwomen.org/publications/model-questionnaire-measuring-nexus-between-gender-and-environment


Psychometric Score

Ease of Use Score

Scoring breakdown

Formative Research

Qualitative Research

Existing Literature/Theoretical Framework

Field Expert Input

Cognitive Interviews / Pilot Testing

Reliability

Internal

Test-retest

Interrater

Validity

Content

Face

Criterion (gold-standard)

Construct

KEY

Ease of Use

Readability

Scoring Clarity

Length

Join the EMERGE Community

to get the latest updates on new measures and guidance for survey researchers