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Differential Treatment of Daughters and Sons

Differential Treatment of Daughters and Sons is a 10-item measure of the extent to which participants, and their siblings of different sexes, have been limited by their parental figures during their upbringing.

Categories

Geographies Tested: United States of America

Populations Included: Female, Male

Age Range: Adults

Items:

Participants rate the extent to which they and their cross-sex siblings (or relatives if they had no siblings) had similar or different limits placed on them by their parents while they were growing up.

1. How late you could stay out on school nights
2. How late you could stay out on weekends
3. Where you could go after school
4. Involvement in after-school activities
5. When you could start dating
6. With whom you were allowed to interact
7. Being alone with a member of the other sex
8. Getting a license and learning to drive
9. Getting a job
10. Having friends of the other sex

Response Options:
5-point Likert scale
Relativessiblings had more limits - 1
About the same - 3
I had more limits - 5

Scoring Procedures

The mean of the item scores is calculated for the total measure score.

Original Citation

Raffaelli, M., & Ontai, L. L. (2004). Gender socialization in Latino/a families: Results from two retrospective studies. Sex Roles, 50(5/6), 287-299. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:SERS.0000018886.58945.06


Psychometric Score

Ease of Use Score

Scoring breakdown

Formative Research

Qualitative Research

Existing Literature/Theoretical Framework

Field Expert Input

Cognitive Interviews / Pilot Testing

Reliability

Internal

Test-retest

Interrater

Validity

Content

Face

Criterion (gold-standard)

Construct

KEY

Ease of Use

Readability

Scoring Clarity

Length

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